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Colors & Dyes

Explore the list of colors & dyes commonly found in foods, their safety levels, and side effects.

Titanium Dioxide (E171)

Color Additive / Whitening Agent
High Danger

Synthetic whitening agent often used in candies. Banned in the EU due to genotoxicity concerns but legal in the US.

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Red 40 (Allura Red AC)

Artificial Color
High Danger

Synthetic red dye. Linked to hyperactivity in children and requires warning labels in Europe.

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Sodium Nitrite (E250)

Preservative / Color Fixative
High Danger

Used to cure meats. Can form carcinogenic nitrosamines when cooked at high temperatures.

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Carmine / Cochineal (E120)

Natural Red Color
Proceed With Caution

A bright red food coloring made from crushed insects. Not vegan or halal.

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Tartrazine (Yellow 5 / E102)

Artificial Color
High Danger

Bright yellow synthetic dye. Requires a warning label in the EU for causing hyperactivity in children.

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Brilliant Blue FCF (Blue 1 / E133)

Artificial Color
Proceed With Caution

Synthetic blue dye used in sports drinks and candy. Linked to mild allergic reactions.

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Sunset Yellow (Yellow 6 / E110)

Artificial Color
High Danger

A petroleum-derived orange dye found in cheese snacks. Subject to child hyperactivity warnings in the EU.

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Carmoisine / Azorubine (E122)

Artificial Color
High Danger

Synthetic red dye in jams and jellies. Highly restricted outside the EU, banned in the US.

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Caramel Color IV (E150d)

Artificial Color
High Danger

The dark brown color in cola beverages. Created using ammonia and fiercely linked to cancer.

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Carotene / Beta-Carotene (E160a)

Natural Color
Generally Safe

A vibrant yellow-orange natural pigment derived from carrots, palm oil, or algae. Converts into Vitamin A.

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Beetroot Red / Betanin (E162)

Natural Color
Generally Safe

Extracted straight from red beets. A safe, natural pink dye for yogurts and ice creams.

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Iron Oxides and Hydroxides (E172)

Coloring
Generally Safe

Essentially rust. A safe, natural mineral dye giving meats and salmon pastes red/yellow shades.

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Green S (E142)

Artificial Color
High Danger

Synthetic coal tar dye for mint sauce and mushy peas. Banned in the US and Canada.

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