Colors & Dyes
Explore the list of colors & dyes commonly found in foods, their safety levels, and side effects.
Titanium Dioxide (E171)
Color Additive / Whitening AgentSynthetic whitening agent often used in candies. Banned in the EU due to genotoxicity concerns but legal in the US.
Red 40 (Allura Red AC)
Artificial ColorSynthetic red dye. Linked to hyperactivity in children and requires warning labels in Europe.
Sodium Nitrite (E250)
Preservative / Color FixativeUsed to cure meats. Can form carcinogenic nitrosamines when cooked at high temperatures.
Carmine / Cochineal (E120)
Natural Red ColorA bright red food coloring made from crushed insects. Not vegan or halal.
Tartrazine (Yellow 5 / E102)
Artificial ColorBright yellow synthetic dye. Requires a warning label in the EU for causing hyperactivity in children.
Brilliant Blue FCF (Blue 1 / E133)
Artificial ColorSynthetic blue dye used in sports drinks and candy. Linked to mild allergic reactions.
Sunset Yellow (Yellow 6 / E110)
Artificial ColorA petroleum-derived orange dye found in cheese snacks. Subject to child hyperactivity warnings in the EU.
Carmoisine / Azorubine (E122)
Artificial ColorSynthetic red dye in jams and jellies. Highly restricted outside the EU, banned in the US.
Caramel Color IV (E150d)
Artificial ColorThe dark brown color in cola beverages. Created using ammonia and fiercely linked to cancer.
Carotene / Beta-Carotene (E160a)
Natural ColorA vibrant yellow-orange natural pigment derived from carrots, palm oil, or algae. Converts into Vitamin A.
Beetroot Red / Betanin (E162)
Natural ColorExtracted straight from red beets. A safe, natural pink dye for yogurts and ice creams.
Iron Oxides and Hydroxides (E172)
ColoringEssentially rust. A safe, natural mineral dye giving meats and salmon pastes red/yellow shades.
Green S (E142)
Artificial ColorSynthetic coal tar dye for mint sauce and mushy peas. Banned in the US and Canada.
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